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1 περίοδος
περίοδος, ὁ,A one who goes the rounds, patrol, Aen.Tact.22.3, al., Rev.Arch.1911(2).424 (Mesembria, i B. C.).------------------------------------A going round, marching round, flank march, τῶν Περσέων ἡ π. Hdt.7.219, 229 ;π. καὶ κύκλωσις Th.4.35
.2 slow walk, Gal.17(2).99.II way round, Hdt.7.223 ;λίμνης Id.1.185
; circumference, circuit, compass, σήματος, τείχεος, ib.93, 163 : abs., τὴν π. in circumference, Id.7.109.III γῆς π. chart or map of the earth, Id.4.36, 5.49, Ar.Nu. 206, Arist.Mete. 362b12, Agathem.1.1 ; αἱ τῆς γῆς π. books of descriptive geography, Arist. Pol. 1262a19, Rh. 1360a34, Mete. 350a16.IV going round in a circle, coming round to the starting-point, circuit, ἡ τοῦ τρίποδος π. Plu. Sol.4.2 esp. of Time, cycle or period of time, πάσαις ἐτέων π. Pi. N.11.40; freq. in Pl., ἐν πολλαῖς χρόνου καὶ μακραῖς π. Phd. 107e ;π. χιλιετής Phdr. 249a
: abs., R. 546b, Epicur.Ep.1p.27U. (pl.), etc.; κατὰ φύσιν π. Arist.GA 777b18; of the Great Year of the Stoics, Chrysipp.Stoic.2.189(pl.); ἐκ περιόδου periodically, in rotation, Heraclid.Pol.58, Plb.2.43.1, etc.;ἐν περιόδῳ Plu.Eum.8
; esp. the period embracing the four great public games,κατὰ τὰν π. ἑκάσταν IG9(1).694.31
(Corc.); ἐνίκησε τὴν π. Ath.10.415a; νικώμενος τὴν π. Arr. Epict.3.25.5, cf. Poll.4.89; v. περιοδονίκης.3 of events, periodic recurrence, cycle, Isoc.15.174, Thphr.CP1.13.1.b cycle, roster of public officials,τῇ πρὸ ταύτης π. τῶν μελλόντων λειτουργεῖν POxy. 1119.6
(iii A. D.), cf. 1552.3 (iii A. D.).4 Medic., a regular prescribed course of life, ἐν τῇ καθεστηκυίᾳ π. ζῆν to live in the regular course, Pl.R. 4073; αἱ ἰατρικαὶ π. the periodical visits of a regular physician, the doctor's rounds, Luc.Gall.23, cf. Nigr.22 : hence, medical practice, Heraclasap.Orib.48.18.2.c fit of intermittent fever, or the like , Hp. Aph.4.59 (pl.), D.9.19; ὁ ἐκ περιόδου πυρετός an intermittent fever, Luc.Philops.9.6 orbit of a heavenly body, Id.Mem. 4.7.5 ; ἀστέρος κυκλικὴ π. Vett.Val.94.20; also θεριναὶ π., = τροπαί, Hp.Aër.19; revolution of a heavenly body, Epicur.Ep.1p.28U.VI Rhet., period, Thrasymach. ap. Suid.s.v. Θρασύμαχος, etc.; defined as λέξις ἔχουσα ἀρχὴν καὶ τελευτὴν αὐτὴ καθ' αὑτὴν καὶ μέγεθος εὐσύνοπτον, Arist.Rh. 1409a35, etc.; also in Music and Metric, Heph.Poëm.3.5, Aristid.Quint.1.14.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > περίοδος
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2 περιηγέομαι
A lead round, π. τὸ ὄρος τοῖσι Πέρσῃσι show them the way round the mountain, Hdt.7.214 : abs., IG9(1).689(Corc.), Delph.3(1).362i16.2 abs., explain, describe, Luc.Cont.1, D Mort.20.1.3 [voice] Pass., to be made to revolve, Philol.[21].II draw in outline, describe in general terms, συμπληροῦν τὸ περιηγηθέν (used in pass. sense), Pl.Lg. 770b.— [voice] Act. only περιήγει· ἐζωγράφει, Hsch.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > περιηγέομαι
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3 πρόσθε(ν)
πρόσθε(ν)Grammatical information: Adv. a. prep. w. gen.Meaning: `ahead, before, formerly, yore; in front of' (Il., IA.)Compounds: Also combined with other adv. (prep.), e.g. ἔμ-προσθε(ν), - θα `in front (of), before' (IA. resp. Dor. Aeol.) with ἐμπρόσθ-ιος `in the front', esp. of bodyparts (Hdt., Att., Arist.), - ίδιος `id.' (A. D., pap.), ἐπί-προσθεν `close before, near' Att., hell.) with ἐπιπροσθ-έω `to be in the way, in front of it, to hinder, to cover' (Hp., hell.), ὑπό-προσθε `just before' (Hp.) with ὑπαπροσθ-ίδιος `earlier (immigrated), older inhabintant' (Locr.).Derivatives: πρόσθ-ιος `in the front', esp. of bodyparts (Hdt. as v. l., trag., Arist.; cf. ἐμπρόσθιος above), - ίδιος `id.' (Nonn.), προστ-ίζιος = προσθ-ίδιος `earlier, the former' (El.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] or GR [a formation built with Greek elements] [000]Etymology: Formation in - θε(ν), - θα, because of the meaning and spread hardly with Kretschmer Glotta 1, 55 from πρός, but rather from πρό with analog. - σ- ( πρό-θεν only Greg. Cor.). Example hardly ὄπισθεν, as this seems to stand itself for ὄπι-θεν (rather the other way round ὄπισθεν after πρόσθεν). So after ἔκτοσ-θε(ν), ἔντοσ-θε(ν) (cf. Schwyzer 628) or to πρόσ(σ)-ω (cf. WP. 2, 38)? Extensive Lejeune Adv. en - θεν 333 ff.Page in Frisk: 2,601Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πρόσθε(ν)
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4 κύκλωσις
A surrounding, enveloping, esp. in battle, X.HG 4.2.20, Plb.3.65.6, Plu. Them. 12, Onos.21.1 (pl.); πρὶν καὶ τὴν πλέονα κ. σφῶν αὐτόσε προσμεῖξαι before the larger body that was endeavouring to surround them came up, Th.4.128.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κύκλωσις
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5 ἄκοιτης
ἄκοιτης, - ουGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `bedfellow, husband' (Il.)Compounds: παράκοιτις (Il.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [539] *ḱei- `to lie'Etymology: Secondarily built on ἄκοιτις f. (s. Chantraine REGr. 59-60, 225f.; the idea that the woman is the one sharing the bed is more natural than the other way round; the fem. is also more frequent). With α copulative and κοίτη or κοῖτος `layer' (Chantr. Form. 26ff. und 113f.; on the accent Schwyzer 385; psilosis analogical after ἄλοχος or dialectal).See also: κεῖμαιPage in Frisk: 1,54-55Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄκοιτης
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6 ἀμάομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `draw (milk), gather' (Od.)Other forms: Act. ἀμάω only late.Derivatives: ἄμη `shovel' (Ar.), `hod' inscr., `water-bucket, pail' (Plu.; Lat. hama, Cato), `spade' (Gp.); prob. derived from the verb, not the other way round; from here ἁμίς f. `chamber-pot' (Hp.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Mostly connected with ἄμη, but even this seems not quite certain (Schulze Q. Ep. 365 n. 3 and Solmsen Beitr. 195 separate them). As the basic meaning of the verb and of ἄμη is unclear, the etym. is uncertain. - It has further been connected with ἀμνίον (q.v.) and ἄντλος (q.v.); also ἄμαλλα (q. v.) has been suggested; all uncertain (as ἄμαλλα means `sheaf', this can hardly be connected if ἀμάομαι is used primarily of water, liquids). Cf. Bechtel Lexil., Solmsen Wortforschung 180ff., WP. 2, 487, 489ff. - Connection with Skt. ámatram `vase' is also quite uncertain (unsatisfactory EWAia; words for vases mostly have no etym.). One has further connected Lith. semiù, sémti `scoop, ladle' with sámtis `ladle' (root * semH-); further Lat. sentīna `bilge-water' has been compared (s. ἄντλος). The meaning was no doubt originally technical, i.e. specific, so it should not (also) be connected with ἅμα.Page in Frisk: --Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμάομαι
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7 ἁρμαλά
Grammatical information: ?Other forms: Also ἁρμαρά (Pap.).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Sem.?Page in Frisk: 1,143Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἁρμαλά
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8 ἀφύη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `small fry of various fishes' (Epich. H. s. ἀφύων τιμή. S. Thompson. Fishes 19f.). ἀφύα· μεμβράς H.Derivatives: ἀφύδιον (Ar., with ῡ; s. Schwyzer 199); ἀφυώδης `whitish' (Hp.). Denom. ἀφύω `become whitish' (Hp.); Chantr. Form. 431.Etymology: From α privativum and φύω (one compares nonnats `Aphua pellucida' in Nice) seems folk etymology, but see now Meier-Brügger, MSS 52, 1991, 123 - 125, who defends derivation from *n̥-bhuH-o- `without growth' (a recent formation as against Skt. ábhva- `monster, Unwesen' \< *n̥-bhu-o- with loss of laryngeal). The accentuation of the gen. pl. ἀφύων (not - ῶν, Hdn. Gr. 1. 425, 13) points to an unextended stem ἀφῡ- (nom. *ἀφῡ-ς), cf. φυγή, φύγα-δε. Perh. also in Myc. aphu-we, -de. (Not with Bechtel, Dial. 3, 285: ἀφύη from the colour; rather the other way round).Page in Frisk: 1,197Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀφύη
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9 κρατευταί
Grammatical information: m. pl.Meaning: `stone or metal blocks on both sides of the altar on which the spits rested' (I 214, Eup., Att. inscr.; Chapouthier Rev. Ét. anc. 43, 12ff.); also `support of a pavement' (Lebadea).Other forms: κραδαυταί Att. inscr. (Solmsen KZ42, 221ff.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The connection of Fick KZ 22, 230 with κράτος, κρατύς and τελευτή leads nowhere; cf. Aristarchus: ἀπὸ τοῦ διακρατεῖσθαι τοὺς ὀβελίσκους ἐπὶ τούτων ( τῶν βάσεων) κειμένους. Also an assumed verb κρατεύω = κρατύνω `make fest' (?) does not help. The rare by-form κραδευταί (Att. inscr.; cf. Solmsen KZ 42, 221 ff.) cannot be explained as folketymological transformation after κραδάω; the other way round does not give a solution either. Fur. 181 concludes rightly to a loan, with δ \/ τ, esp. as βασκευταί is also clearly a foreign loan.Page in Frisk: 2,8Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κρατευταί
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10 κρημνός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `overhanging bank' (Il.).Compounds: Often as 2. member, e.g. ἀπό-κρημνος `inclined, steep' (IA.), βαθύ-κρημνος `with steep inclination' (Pi.); extens. Strömberg Greek Preflx Studies 34 ff.; rarely as 1. member, e.g. κρημνο-φοβέομαι `be afraid of inclinations' (Hp.).Derivatives: κρημνώδης `slanting' (Th.); ( κατα- etc.) κρημνίζω `have a strong inclination' (Att. etc.), with - ισμός, - ισις (late).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Traditionally considered as an old verbal noun to κρεμάννυμι (s. v.) with ablaut κρημ-: κρεμα-; but this is impossible if the root was * kremh₂- (zero grade *kr̥mh₂- would give *κραμα-). DELG notes that the ē is proven by Pindar, which makes the case even worse: with h₂ we can never get ē. This recalls that there is no evidence for this root outside Greek. This reminds us that there is no explanation of κρίμνημι. Was there an old adj. *κριμνος `slanting'? Or was κρίμνημι just due to κίρνημι? The present κρήμνημι is rather influenced by κρημνός than the other way round. So the form is unexplained.Page in Frisk: 2,15-15Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κρημνός
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11 λέσχη
λέσχη Bremmer WAAR?Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `room, builing as meeting place' (σ 329, Hes.); `grave' (Rhodos); see H. Bolkestein MAWNied. 84B: 3 (1937) 18ff.Compounds: ἔλ-λεσχος `commonly talked off' (Hdt. 1, 153; from ἐν λέσχῃ), πρό-λεσχος `eager to talk' (A. Supp. 200; cf. πρό-χειρος a.o.; ἀδο-λέσχης (s.s.v.).Derivatives: λεσχήν, - ῆνος m. `chatterer' (Timo 46); λεσχην-εῖ ὁμιλεῖ, μυθολογεῖ H. - λεσχαῖος ἐξηγητής, ὁμιλητής H.; λεσχάραι οἷον αἱ σχολαί... (EM561, 17). See Solmsen Wortforsch. 124 f. - Two month names of unclear formation: Λεσχανάσιος (Tegea), Λεσχανόριος (Thessal., Gortyn); also Άπόλλων Λεσχηνόριος (from the λέσχαι which were under his protection?).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Mostly connected with λέχος, from *λέχσκᾱ. As Greek has no nomin. suffix - sk-, and as a k-suffix from the zero grade *λεχσ- is also improbable, one assumes a σκ-present *λέχ-σκ-εται (\> *λέσχεται); but there is no trace of this verb. The same formation was assumed for OHG. lëscan ' löschen' (as `lie down'); also for Celtic, e. g. OIr. lesc `lazy', where it is quite uncertain. - As the room was not for lying down, this etymology (supposing *λεσχεται really existed) is improbable. - Long ago the agreement with Hebr. liškāh was observed. This cannot be ignored. It was assumed that Greek had the word from the Near East (West, East Face 38; not the other way round, ib.), but as the word is isolated in NWSemitic, Schrader (FS Jahrh.feier Univ. Breslau, 1911, 469) already assumed that both languages had it from Anatolia, which seems the most probable interpretation. Thus Fur. 295, 257, who points out that the suffix of λεσχάραι is non-Greek; he also points to the Hebr. variant niškāh, which may point to Anat. l\/n, as in Fur. 388. Thus now Bremmer, WAAR?See also: weitere Lit. s. λέχεται.Page in Frisk: 2,107-108Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λέσχη
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12 μιμνήσκω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `remind (oneself), give heed, care for, make mention'; usu. - ομαι (- ῄσκω, Schwyzer 709f., Aeol. μιμναισκω [Gramm.], μνήσκεται Anacr.); fut. μνήσω, - ομαι, aor. μνῆσαι (Dor. μνᾶσαι), - ασθαι, perf. midd. μέμνημαι (Dor. -μνᾱ-, Aeol. - μναι-) with fut. μεμνήσομαι (all Il.), aor. pass. μνησθῆναι (δ 418, Aeol. μνασθῆναι) with fut. μνησθήσομαι (IA); pres. also μνάομαι, μνῶμαι, μνώοντο, μνωόμενος etc. (Il.), `woo for one's bride, court' (Od.) `solicit' (Hdt., Pi.), προ-μνάομαι `court for' (S., Pl., X.); cf. below.Compounds: Often with prefix, esp. ὑπο-, ἀνα-, with παρ-, προσ-υπομιμνήσκω, ἐπ-, συν-, προ-αναμιμνήσκω.Derivatives: 1. μνῆμα, Dor. Aeol. μνᾶμα n. `memorial, monument, tomb' (Il.) with μνημ-εῖον, Ion. -ήϊον, Dor. μναμ- `id.' (Dor., IA; cf. σῆμα: σημεῖον a.o., Chantraine Form. 61, Schwyzer 470), rare a. late - άτιον, - άδιον, - άφιον, - όριον (s. μεμόριον); μνηματίτης λόγος `funeral oration' (Choerob., Eust.; Redard 47); ὑπόμνη-μα `remembrance, note' (Att.) with - ματικός, - ματίζομαι -- 2. μνήμη, Dor. μνάμα f. `remembrance, mention' (Dor., IA; μνή-σ-μη Lycaonia); from this or from μνῆμα: μνημ-ήϊος `as a remembrance' (Phryg.), - ίσκομαι = μιμνήσκομαι (Pap.). -- 3. μνεία f. `remembrance, mention' (Att.), verbal noun \< * μνᾱ-ΐα as πεν-ία a.o. (cf. Chantraine Form. 81), hardly with Schwyzer 425 foll. Sandsjoe Adj. auf - αιος 75f. enlarged from a root noun *μνᾱ. -- 4. μνῆστις ( μνᾶσ-) f. `remembrance, thought, renown' (ν 280) with - σ- as in μνη-σ-θῆναι, μνη-σ-τύς etc.; rather after λῆστις (s. λανθάνω) than with Porzig Satzinhalte 196 the other way round. -- 5. ἀνά-, ὑπό-μνη-σις `remembrance, admonition' (Att.); also μνησι- as verbal 1. member e.g. in μνησι-κακέω `remember the (suffered) wrong' with - ία, - ος (IA). -- 6. μνηστύς, - ύος f. `courting' (Od.), later replaced by μνηστ-εία, - ευμα (s. μνηστεύω); attempt at semantic differentiation by Benveniste Noms d'agent 68f. -- 7. μνηστήρ (μνᾱσ-), - τῆρος m. `wooer' (Od.; on μνηστήρ: μνηστύς Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 32 n. 2), also name of a month ( μναστήρ, Messene; cf. Γαμη-λιών and Fraenkel 1, 162); adjectiv. `remembering, reminding' (Pi.; Fraenkel 1, 156 f.), f. μνήστειρα `bride' (AP, `reminding' (Pi.); μνῆστρον `betrothal, marriage' ( Cod. Just.) ; προμνήστρ-ια ( προ-μνάομαι) f. `(woman) matchmaker' (E., Ar., Pl.), - ίς `id.' (X.). -- 8. μνήστωρ `mindful' (A.); on μνήσ-τωρ, - τήρ Fraenkel 2, 12, Benveniste Noms d'agent 47. -- 9. μνηστή f. `wood and won, wedded, memorable' (Hom., A. R.) also `worth remembering' ( Sammelb. 6138), πολυ-μνήστη (- ος) `much wood' (Od.), also `mindful, remaining in memory' (Emp., A.); but Ἄ-μνᾱτος (Gortyn; Schwyzer 503); from this μνηστεύω ( μνασ-) `woo a wife' (Od.), also `canvass a job' with μνήστευμα (E.), - εία (hell.) `wooing'. --10. μνήμων ( μνά-), - ονος m. f., first from μνῆμα, but also directly associated with the verb, `mindful' (Od.), often as title of an office `notary, registrator' (Halic., Crete, Arist.), with μνημο-σύνη `remembrance' (Θ 181); cf. Wyss - σύνη 34; also as name of one of the Muses (h. Merc., Hes.); - συνον n. `id.' (Hdt., Th., Ar.); prob. poetical (Wyss 50); - ος `for remembrance' (LXX); besides Μναμόν-α (Ar. Lys. 1248; cf. on εὑφρόνη), Μνημ-ώ (Orph.) = Μνημοσύνη. Denominat. μνημον-εύω `remember' (IA) with μνημόνευ-σις, - μα etc. Adj. μνημον-ικός `for remembrance, with good memory' (Att.). -- 11. PN like Μνησεύς (Pl.; short name of Μνήσ-αρχος, Bosshardt 130), Μνασίλλει (Boeot.); Μνασέας; prob. hellenis. of Sem. Mǝnašše = Μανασση (Schulze Kl. Schr. 394 f.; cf. Bechtel Dial. 1, 414).Etymology: The above paradigm, together with the nominal formations built on a general μνᾱ-, is a purely Greek creation. The basis of the generalized system were of course one or a few verbal forms; as however the new system was already complete at the beginneing of Greek and the cognate languages present nothing that could be compared directly with the Greek forms, we can no more follow its creation. A monosyllabic IE * mnā- is found in class. Sanskrit, as in aor. a-mnā-siṣ-uḥ `they mentioned', which typologically reminds of μνῆ-σ-αι, in the perf. act. ma-mnau (gramm.), prob. innovation to midd. ma-mn-e (cf. μέμονα) and not (with Brugmann Grundr.2 II: 3,441) to be connected with μέμνημαι; further in - mnā-ta- `mentioned' and mnā-ya-te `is mentioned', with which agree on the one hand Ἄ-μνᾱ-τος and - with secondary σ (Schwyzer 503) - μνη-σ-τή, on the other hand μνάομαι. But the last is undoubtedly analogically innovated after wellknown patterns to μνήσασθαι etc.; also the verbal adj. does not look archaic. The development of μιμνήσκω has been prob. about the same as with κικλήσκω (where however καλέ-σαι was retained) or with βιβρώσκω (s.v.), where also non-Greek agreements to βρω- are rare or doubtful. The general re-creation isolated μιμνήσκω both formally and semantically from the old μέμονα and even more from μαίνομαι. -- From μνάομαι `remind, mention' developed as courteous expression the meaning `woo a woman, court'; s. Benveniste Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 13 ff., where also against the connection with γυνή (Schwyzer 726 n. 1). Against Benveniste Ambrosini Rend. Acc. Lincei 8: 10, 62ff. with new interpretation: to δάμνημι, ἀδμής; not convincing. -- Further rich lit. in WP. 2, 264ff., Pok. 726ff., W. -Hofmann s. meminī, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. miñti. Cf. μαίνομαι, μέμονα, μένος.Page in Frisk: 2,238-241Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μιμνήσκω
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13 μυκός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: ἄφωνος H. (in alphab. wrong position).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably], XX [unknown]Etymology: One compares Skt. mū́ka- `dumb'. -- With dental μυττός (\< *-κι̯-?), μύτης, μύδος (H.), μύνδος (S. Fr. 1072, Lyc. 1375, Call. Fr.260; unterital. `with small ears', Rohlfs ByzZ 37, 58f.), μυναρός (H.) `id.'. On itself sands μύρκος ὁ καθόλου μη δυνάμενος λαλεῖν. Συρακούσιοι. ἐνεός, ἄφωνος H.; μυρικᾶς ἄφωνος, ἐν ἑαυτῳ̃ ἔχων ο μέλλει πράττειν H. (cf. v. Blumenthal Hesychst. 42). -- From sound imitating mū, s. μύω (?); on the dental-formations cf. Lat. mūtus, s. further W.-Hofmann on mūtus; with μύνδος (s.v.) Arm. munǰ `dumb' (\< *mun(d)i̯os?); s. auch 1. mundus. With μύρκος agrees formally Lat. murcus `mutilated', esp. of him, who, so as not to become soldier, cuts off his thumbs; it could be a loan from Lat. in Sicil. (rather than the other way round), s. W.-Hofmann s.v. - μύνδος may have prenasal. beside μύδος (and must therefore be retained; against Latte, whose note is not clear to me). I think that μυναρός is a misreading for *μυνδρος. The other forms cannot be easyly fitted in. Continues μυρικ-ᾶς a form *mury-k-? - The group is very unclear. (Do the the words with μυ(ν)δ- belong here?)Page in Frisk: 2,268Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μυκός
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14 ὀδάξ
Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `with the teeth, to clench ones teeth' ( ὀδὰξ ἐν χείλεσι φύντες α 381 = σ 410 = υ 268; also Com., e.g. Ar. V. 164 διατρώξομαι τοίνυν ὀδὰξ τὸ δίκτυον); perh. in diff. meanings at three places of the Il. (e.g. Λ 749 ὀδὰξ ἕλον οὖδας; cf Χ 17, Β 418), cf. below.Derivatives: Beside it three verbs: 1. ὀδακ-τάζω (Call., A. R.), - τίζω (D. H.) `to bite, to gnaw' (cf. λακτίζω: λάξ); ἀδακτῶ κνήθομαι H. 2. ὀδάξ-ομαι, -ω, - άομαι (- έομαι), - άω, also ἀδάξομαι, - άομαι, fut. - ήσομαι, perf. ptc. ὠδαγμένος (S.), aor. ὠδάξατο (AP); ὠδάγμην ἐκνησάμην H. `to scratch oneself, to be itching, to be scratchy, to itch, to scratch, to gnaw'; ὀδάξει τοῖς ὀδοῦσι δάκνει H.; ὀδαγμός (ἀ-, S. Tr. 770), ὀδαξ-ησμός (Hp., Ph., Plu.) `itch', - ητικός (Poll.), - ώδης (Aret.) `scratchy, to cause itch'. -- 3. ἀδαχεῖ `scratches, itches' (Ar. Fr. 410), ἀδαχᾳ̃ κνᾳ̃, κνήθει κεφαλήν, ψηλαφᾳ̃ H.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Both ὀδακ-τάζω, - τίζω and ὀδάξει in H. can be derived from ὀδάξ `with the teeth'. But the earlier and better attested ὀδάξ-ομαι, - άομαι as well as ἀδαχ-εῖ, -ᾳ̃ deviate considerably in meaning. As for the oldest attestations of ὀδάξ (Il.) a meaning `with the teeth' is not directly evident (but it seems possible), Bechtel Lex. wants to render ὀδάξ in these places after ὀδάξομαι with `itching, scratching'; agreeing Wackernagel Unt. 157, WP. 1, 791, Hofmann Et. Wb. The later meaning `with the teeth' would have arisen from a folketymological connection with ὀδών and δάκνω. (The connection suggested by Bechtel (after Fick) with Germ., e.g. Os. bi-tengi `nahe an einen rührend' a.o. is not convincing however; cf. WP. l.c.) -- Whether ὀδάξ, if orig. `biting together, with the teeth' (on -ξ cf. λάξ w. lit.), started from ὀδών in connection with δάκνω or, the other way round, from δάκνω in connection with ὀδών, can hardly be decided; cf. beside the lit. in Bq and Bechtel also Güntert Reimwortbildungen 153, Winter Prothet. Vokal 22. Bechtel Lex. and Schwyzer-Debrunner 491 assume a prefix ὀ-, not very convincingly. The forms with ἀ- may rest on vowelassimilation (Schmidt KZ 32, 391 f.); the aspiration in ἀδαχ-ᾳ̃, - εῖ must not be explained as analogical (Schmidt l.c.; rejected by Bechtel). Cf. s.v. ἀδαγμός. So we can conclude that the orig. reading was ἀδαγ-; as the word was less well known, it was at one time replaced by ὀδ-.Page in Frisk: 2,348-349Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀδάξ
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15 πάταγος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `noise, roar, cracking produced by clashing, breaking etc.' (Il.).Derivatives: Beside it 1. παταγ-έω, also m. ἀντι-, ὑπο- a.o., `to make noise, to plash, to roar' (Alc. [ πατάγεσκε]), -ή f. (D. P., Longos), - ημα n. (Men.) = πάταγος. 2. πατάσσω, aor. πατάξαι, also m. ἐκ-, συν- a.o., `to knock, to beat, to hurt' (Il.; in Att. mostly aor. a. fut. act. to pres. τύπτω; Bloch Suppl. Verba 83ff.). 3. πατάξ interj. (Ar. Av. 1258; cf. on εὑράξ). 4. καπατᾳ̃ κατακόψεις. Πάφιοι H.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: With πάταγ-ος: - έω several words are to be compared: κτύπ-ος: - έω, ἄραβ-ος: - έω, κέλαδ-ος: - έω, ῥοῖβδ-ος: - έω etc.; s. vv. w. lit. It cannot always be distinguished, whether the subst. or the verb is primary or the other way round. The γ-suffix as in the close λαλαγή, σμαραγέω ( Σμάραγος), οἰμωγή a.o. With πατάσσω agrees synonymous ἀράσσω; similar σπαράσσω, τινάσσω etc. (Schwyzer 733). Details on the formation in Porzig Satzinhalte 25. -- The onomatop. character of the expressive words is clear; connections outside Greek (Lat. quatiō a.o.; s. Bq and W.-Hofmann s.v.) do not convince. - Furnée 279 compares σπαταγγίζειν ταράσσειν H.; the word then may be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,479-480Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πάταγος
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16 πλώω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to swim', aor. etc. (ep. Ion. Il.) also `to sail, to go by sea' (beside pres. πλέω; on πλώω: πλέω Bechtel Dial. 3, 196ff., 208).Other forms: Aor. πλῶ-ναι ( ἐπ-έπλων etc., Hom., Hes.), πλῶσαι (Γ 47: ptc. ἐπι-πλώσας; Hdt., Arr.), fut. πλώσ-ομαι (Hdt.), -ω (Lyc.), perf. πέπλωκα (Hdt., Lyc.; also E. Hel. 532 and Ar. Th. 878 [parody]),Derivatives: Prob. all derivv. are from Ion. (Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 3 f.). Adj. 1. πλω-τός ( πρόσ-, ἔκ-πλώω) `swimming, navigable' (κ 3 [on the explanation Giusti Il. mondo class. 7, 63ff.], Hp., Hdt., Arist.) with - τίς f. approx. `raft' (Demetr. Astrol.), - τεύομαι `to be navigated, cruised' (Plb.); 2. πλω-τικός `seafaring' (hell.); 3. - σιμος `navigable, seaworthy' (S., Diogenian.), rather from πλῶσαι than from *πλῶσις; thus πλώ-ϊμος beside and for πλόϊμος (s. on πλέω w. lit.). Subst. 4. κατάπλω-σις f. `home-coming by sea' (Herod.); 5. πλωτήρ m. `sailor' (rare in E., Ar., Pl., often in Arist. etc.), `swimmer' (Opp., Nonn.); 6. πλω-άδες, -ϊάδες (Thphr.), - ίδες (A. R.) f. pl. `swimming, flowing'; also 7. πλώς, pl. πλῶτες name of a fish, = κεστρεύς, if prop. "swimmer" (cf. Thompson Fishes s. πλῶτα); but δακρυπλώειν (τ 122) not denomin. from *δακρυ-πλώς, but after δάκρυ χέων, χέουσα built as univerbation; cf. Leumann Hom. Wörter 36 w. n. 1 a. lit. 8. Verb: πλω-ΐζω (- ῴζω) `to go by sea' (Hes., Th.) with -ϊσις f. `seafaring' (Just.).Etymology: The above forms are not unambiguous. The aorist ἔπλων ( ἐπ-έπλων, ἀπ-έπλω a. o.) agrees with ἔγνων and so looks most like an athem. root-aorist (ptc. ἐπιπλώς Z 291 false for - πλούς?); to this as innovations ἔπλωσα-(ἔγνων: Skt. ájñāsam) and πλώω (cf. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 365)? Or the other way round (with Schwyzer 743 n.5 [asking]): ἔπλων secondary to older ἔπλωσα and this orig. to πλώω? In the first alternative we have no reason to keep ἔπλων etc. together with πλέω; in the second πλώω from *πλώϜ-ω is taken as lengthened deverbative (e.g. Schwyzer 722 and 349); to this analog. the other forms (cf. Schwyzer 346). The same lengthened grade is found in the Slav. iterative, e.g. OCS plavati, Russ. plávatь `swim (to and fro)'. A correspondent of πλω- however gives Germ. in OWNo. flōa, OE flōwan (w secondary) with Goth. flodus m. ' ποταμός (would be Gr. *πλω-τύς) a. o.; this too can go back on a reduplicated (?) IE * plō[u̯]-. If one decides for original πλω- from IE * plō- (* pleh₃-), this could be in ablaut with πλη- in πίμ-πλη-μι (Brugmann-Thumb 325 a. 327) [I see no reaon for this argumentation; I see no basis for a form * ploh₁-] which fits semantically worse than πλέω with πλώω. Frisk prefers explanation from *πλώϜ-ω. So either from a root * pleh₃-, or from a langthened grade deverbative *plōu̯-. -- Cf. πλέω, also πλύνω.Page in Frisk: 2,565-566Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πλώω
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17 ῥώδιγγες
Grammatical information: ?Other forms: ῥώτιγγες.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: May belong to a Slav. word for `ulcer, wound', e.g. OCS vrědъ, Russ. véred, perh. with further connection with Lat. rōdō `gnaw' etc.; Lidén KZ 56, 222. The form ῥώτιγγες (H.) must then be a derailment (example?; diff. Specht Ursprung 231 n. 3). Or the other way round ῥώδιγγες after σμώδιγγες ? -- The variant rather points to a Pre-Greek word (note also the suffix).Page in Frisk: 2,667Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥώδιγγες
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18 σίλλος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `satire, satirical poem' (Str., Ael., D.L. a.o.)Compounds: σιλλο-γράφος m.. `poet of σ.' (Ath., Jul. a. o.).Derivatives: Verbs: σιλλ-αίνω (rarely w. δια-, κατα-, ἐπι-) `to mock, to ridicule' (Hp., Herod., Ael., Luc. a. o.), - όω ( δια-) `id.' ( Com. Adesp., Gal., D.C. a. o.). -- Besides σίλλος `squinting' (Luc. Lex. 3), quite uncertain (for ἰλλός [Hemsterhuis] ?; preceded by ος); σιλλόω after Phot. (from Archipp. 52) = τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἠρέμα παραφέρειν; cf. also Güntert Reimwortbildungen 159 f.; ἀνάσιλλος `with bristled hair' (hell. pap. [Mayser I: 3, 198], Plu., Hdn. Gr., Poll.), cf. ἀνάσιμος and σιλλέα τρίχωμα H. -- PN. e.g. Σίλλος, - αξ, - εύς (Bosshardt 132).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Explanation unknown. After Solmsen IF 30, 1ff. with hypocoristic gemination for *σῑλός (= Lat. silus) beside σῑ-μός, *σῑ-χός (\> σικχός), prop. `curl, turn up the nose, with a turned-up nose' = `mocker'; to this acc. to S. also Σιλ-ηνός. The other way round Kretschmer Glotta 4, 351ff.: σίλλος short form of Σιληνός; ἀνάσιλλος "with erected hair, with which Satyrs are often repredented"; similar shortening also in σιλη-πορδέω. -- Cf. σιμός and σίλουρος.Page in Frisk: 2,706Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σίλλος
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19 στέργω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to show affection, to cherish sympathy, to love tenderly', of family-members, of subordinates towards superiors and the other way round etc., rarely of physical love; `to be content, to content onself' (Thgn. IA.).Other forms: Aor. στέρξαι, fut. στέρξω (IA.), perf. ἔστοργα (Hdt.), pass. ἔστεργμαι (Emp., AP), aor. στερχθῆναι (Lyc., Plu. a.o.)Compounds: ἀπο-στέργω `cease to love, to abhor' (Terp., A., Theoc., LXX a.o.). As 2. member e.g. φιλό-στοργος `cherishing sympathy, loving tenderly' with - έω, - ία (att., hell. a. late).Derivatives: στέργ-ηθρον n. "means of love", `love-herb' as plantname (Dsc.; Strömberg 92 a. 147), `love' (A., E.); - ημα n. `love-charm' (S.); στοργή f. `affection, love' (Emp., Antipho, rarely hell. a. late).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1032] *sterg- `with care, love wait for'Etymology: Of old connected (Stokes BB 23, 58) with a Celt. word for `lovee', OIr. serc, Welsh serch (and Bret. serc'h `concubine'), IE * sterkā; so change k στέργω g. Thus lastly Pok. 1032 (against the doubt by WP. 2, 642), E. Lewy Festschr. Dornseiff 226 f. One also compares Slav., e.g. OCS strěgǫ, strěšti `guard, tend' (IE * sterg-); s. Vasmer s. steregú w. further lit.Page in Frisk: 2,790Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στέργω
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20 Ἆπις
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: Name of a mythical king of Argos (A.). (Also name of an Egyptian god; unrelated.)Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unknown. It is supposed that ᾽Απία, ᾽Απίς `Peloponnese' (A.) is derived from the name of the king, but it is rather the other way round.Page in Frisk: 1,121Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Ἆπις
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